General Motors Corporation Change Management Business Essay

command Motors Corporation Change Management Business EssayBackground of shiftThe incessantly lasting truth of the universe is transport. People, organizations, markets variety e real second. This channelise is stimulated by the environment. On individual level people manage change by changing there routines and habits, which is relatively simple. Change in an organization is complex but follows the same rules, organizations like an individual postulate to change there habits and routines.The organizations who squander failed to cope with the change permit crumbled under the feet of duration either disappearing or being acquired by other companies. For example skybird, tucker corporation, wirgin, tohatsu, clover, British satellite broadcasting, world champion wrestling, archandor, and most recently general which filled chapter 11 smashcy. These organizations were uncapable to roll in the hay the change in the environment and were rejected by the environment.The organiza tions that have been proactive and managed change have been success stories .i.e. Microsoft, 3com and us robotics, Cadbury and Kraft etc. these organizations have changed there strategies at the right time, they were the leaders of market change.Introduction to General MotorsGeneral Motors Corporation (GM) is the worlds largest full-line vehicle manufacturer and marketer. Its arsenal of brands includes Chevrolet, Pontiac, GMC, Buick, Cadillac, Saturn, Hummer, and Saab. Opel, Vauxhall, and Holden comprise GMs international nameplates. Through its system of global alliances, GM holds brands in Isuzu Motors Ltd., Fuji well-grounded Industries Ltd., Suzuki Motor Corporation, Fiat Auto, and GM Daewoo Auto Technology. Other principal businesses include General Motors Acceptance Corporation and its subsidiaries, providers of financing and insurance to GM customers and dealers. In the earlyish 2000s, struggling under the weight of escalating healthc be and pension costs, GM sought to sh ed slightly of its less profitable activities. Toward that end, among other moves, the lodge sold its stake in Hughes Electronics, phased out production of the Oldsmobile, and discontinued the Chevrolet Camero and Pontiac Firebird. Facing a tough economic climate, GM has nevertheless retained its position as the worlds leading automaker.Models of change managementNow companies have realized the lease for change and change management. That is the reason many scholars came up with different models of change management.There ar some simple models of change and then there are some complex models. simple models are helpful but do not identify the take of current economySimple models which follow the approach that one size fits allLewins modelUnfreeze the current paradigm of the organization. This involves under expecting the pauperisation for change. wherefore communicating that need to the people. People should be open to change in structure, behavior and thinking.Change the org anization paradigm by introducing new theories in the organization. This is a lengthy process as the new method willing take time to sink in. people will question the new method thereof it is important that there is a strong channel for feed hind end.Refreeze the changed paradigm. This is the stage where the change is inculcated into the organization and people followed the changed methods as a part and parcel of the organization.Kotters 8 travelcreating a vibe of change into the membersgather go forers to guide changecreate a fancyexplain the vision to the supportersempower people to follow and dust the visioncreate shot target or milestonesimprovements and feed maskingInculcation of change by making it a part of structure and system.Complex model which recognize the need of individual organizations.Johnson Scholes and Whittingtons model identifies the variables that the organization faces.Time is how quickly change is needed. This quarter be identified by the Balogun and H ailys model.Scope is the degree of change that is necessary. perseverance what is the incremental factorHistory is the past experience of changeSkills what capabilities are required and what do we have.imaginations which are available for change management.Readiness is the willingness of people to allow change.Power is where the of the organization lies i.e. with management employees, stakeholders etc.McKinsey 7S framework identifies the areas that management need to focus on in order to manage change effectively social organization is the hierarchy and the departmentalization of the organization before and after the change.Strategy is the plans that organization makes i.e. when to compete? Where to compete? And when to compete?System is the alignment of the strategy with the business objective and at what level evolutionary stage the organization stands.Shared values is what type of coating prevails in the organizationStyle is the leadership style of the management. How are decis ions make?Staff is the human resource of the organization. How trained they are and what staff is needed?Skill is the organizations ability to mapping its resources. Thus measure of the efficiency of the organization.Need for strategic change in General motorsGeneral motor is a fallen giant. Glory of the past from being a great market leader to bankrupt company General motors has come a long way. In 1980s GM was the top car manufacturer in the USA until the arrival of the Nipponese cars. The Nipponese sold cheap and better cars. GM failed to realize the change in the industry and technology and constantly lost market share to the Japanese companies. Even with government support the company filled chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2009.The strategies of the Japanese and GM can be compared with each other and own to what GM needs to do in order to get its course of studyer glory.The strategies that have been used by GM are heavy discounting to capture or retain market share.Strategic inte rvention techniquesThe purpose of intervention techniques is to improve the efficiency and the effectiveness of the organization. Strategic intervention techniques focus on improving the processes by which ideas are generated and then gain feedback on the ideas. These techniques make some thing happen and also focus on what is happening French Bell Jr (1994). The reasons for interventions can beTo gain feedbackTo educate peopleTo invoke rapid change in the organization.Rapid and sudden change in the external environment animated competitionDriving forces for change in GMDriving forces are the reason that GM requires to change its strategy and align itself with the environment. Few of the forces that pressure Gm to change are as followsLow economic growth in the car manufacturing business has stumped most of the manufacturers.Car manufacturers on government support are making cars at a loss but yet there cars are in the market and cutting the market share of other companies.Japanes e car manufacturers are making better cars at low price which is the main competition for GM.Change in technology in the industry has been an issue. Honda and Toyota have advanced in technology at a higher rate than GM.Rising oil prices have also caused the industry to rethink there strategy.Resource implications for GMGM CEO Rick Wagoner has put in a lot of effort to turn around GM since 1992.but his response to change in the environment was too slow. The resources of GM can be evaluated using 5 Ms modelMoney has been the problem for GM for sometime at once but government is ready to help them but they do not have a turn around strategy.Manpower of GM has not been able to generate new ideas which show dulled motivation, and poor creativity skills by the management and other employees. Also GM is stuck in contacts with employees with huge pensions.Minutes time frame for adaptation has always been short for GM and it has always lagged behind the need of time.Material has very special item oil which has sky rocketed. So the price of car manufacturing is rising as well as the price of maintaining a car.Machinery has been the major issue for GM as its competitors have acquired new machinery and processes which are better than that of GM.Due to these factors GM has not been able to change. These are the forces that create resistance for change.Change and stakeholdersStakeholders are an integral part of the organizational paradigm. To nonplus change in the organization, stakeholders should own the change. The process of change should start from within the stakeholders.To change the socialization stakeholders should realize that there is a need for change. Then they should be order into the right direction. In Kotters 8 steps model for change the role of stakeholders can be incorporated. The model pushes the organization to make its own decision and set up its process of change.Kotters model for change for GMKotter gives a model of change in the organization in w hich the stakeholders are empowered to make change for themselves. I shall use this model to explain how GM can remove about change in the organization with the help of its stakeholders.Step 1 Create exigencyFor change to occur it is necessary the whole organization realizes the need for change and puts its effort in making the change. For this purpose managers can paint a depressed skeleton of the future if continued on the same path. Explain to the shareholders the increase in ability of the organization to exploit its resources. There should be feed back from the stakeholders and there ideas should be incorporated in the change process.In case of GM it is not very difficult to paint a grim picture because the next step to bankruptcy is liquidation. The decline in the performance of the company has been a question mark for a long time now. So in GM people are ready for change and stakeholders support the management. Now there is need for discussions so that the ideas and the w ills of the stakeholders can be incorporated in the change process.Step 2 CoalitionsThis is the point where the leadership emerges people among the stakeholder should take charge of the groups. It is necessary that to identify the key leadership and make them commit to the change in the organization. This is necessary that people who are selected for the leadership believe in the change.In case of General Motors they have to find leaders in order to bring change. Recognition of the people who will help GM to evolve and to accept the changed processes is necessary, if it wishes to make any type of change in its strategy.Step 3 mountain for changeWhen the process of change starts there are many idea of floating. All these ideals need to be linked together if in order to form a vision. This vision needs to be simple and understandable. The vision gives people a sense of direction they understand the purpose of the change. For change to be undefeated you need to know the main idea beh ind the change. For this purpose prepare a summary of the future endeavors of the company. Knowing about the future helps people to support the organization.In case of General Motors the mission pedagogy is quite clear G.M. is a multinational corporation engaged in socially responsible operations, worldwide. It is apply to provide products and services of such quality that our customers will receive superior value while our employees and business partners will share in our success and our stock-holders will receive a sustained superior return on their investment.But unfortunately General Motors has not been able to deliver. The vision of the General Motors needs to be communicated effectively through the organization. Every stakeholder needs to believe in the mission statement of General Motors.Step 4 Communication of visionEvery psyche in the organization needs to know the objective of the change. The previous paradigm of the company will produce resistance against the new metho d. The New Mission statement needs to overcome the resistance and unite the organization on a single path to success. For this the management needs to address all the doubts and problems of the people. Divide the vision into smaller objectives and tie the performance of individual with the achievement of these objectives.In General Motors the management should take responsibility of communicating process of change through the organization. A process of change developed from the input of stakeholders is easier to communicate back.Step 5 Remove obstaclesIn the process of change, there will always be resistance. The objective of the management is to minimize this resistance and bring the stakeholders to a common platform on which everybody can express their opinion. As the process of change moves forward, there should be constant checks for any barriers to change.In General Motors the inner management has failed to provide change in the organization. The change in GM can be induce from the outside perhaps a change agent will help GM over come change barriers. Another good way to bring about change is to award the people who embrace the change.Step 6 Create short term objectivesFor the process of change to work people need to know that it is working. For this management can divide the main objective in to simpler objectives. The management should thoroughly analyze the short term objectives such that they are realizable and motivation. For the achievement of every objective the employees should be rewarded.In General Motors that management need to step up and divide their long-term objectives into the short term goals. The management should make the stakeholders believe that they are capable of changing the business for the better. The most important stakeholder of GM is the government. The government needs to know that that GM can stand on its feet, for it to bail out the company.Step 7 Build on the changeThe process of change is not complete he unless and until the change culture has inculcated into the organization. Changes in many organizations fail because they do not fully implement the changed processes. The changed processes should become part and parcel of life in the organization. The people of the organization need to build on the changed processes and achieve even more success.The management of General Motors should not stop at making the government believed that they deserve a bailout, but should make efforts to build on the changed processes.Step 8 Change in corporate cultureThe most difficult thing to do in livery about change into the organization is to change the culture of the organization. In history many of the mergers in companies have failed because they unable to merge the culture of the companies. Changing the culture of the company is a very long and hard process.General motors will need to change the culture and introduce a fresh method to watch in an unattractive industry. At this point the employees of General Motor will not be motivated the management needs to bring faith back into the employees.Monitoring progress and conclusionThe final step in the management of change would be to monitor the performance of the company. For this purpose appraisal of each of the activities of the company will be performed. The justification of activity will provide grounds by which the productivity of the activity will be measured. The idea of kaizen should become a part of the activities of the business.The process of change is very lengthy it takes years for change process to become part of the culture. The management of the organization needs to be very patient and need to prioritize their objectives.In General Motors it is necessary that people accept the change and once the changed processes have settled in there should be continuous evaluation and revaluation. The U.S market has become very saturated thus not allowing the companies to grow as fast as they would like. For the companies to survive t hey need to use there resources with utmost efficiency.